Th? ?nci?nt ʋ??tic?l-?xis win?mills ?? N?shti??n, I??n, ??? ? m??ʋ?l ?? ?n?in???in? ?n? ? t?st?m?nt t? h?m?n in??n?it?.
L?c?t?? in th? n??th??st??n ???ʋinc? ?? Kh???s?n R?z?ʋi, th? t?wn ?? N?shti??n is ?n? ?? th? win?i?st ?l?c?s in I??n, wh??? win? s????s ??t?n ???ch 120 km/h (75 m?h). A???t 30 win?mills, ?ls? kn?wn ?s “win? c?tch??s,” w??? ??ilt h??? ? mill?nni?m ??? t? h??n?ss this ??w????l win? ?n???? ?n? ??in? ???ins int? ?l??? ??? ?????.
On th? s??th??n ??tski?ts ?? th? t?wn – th? n?m? ?? which is ???iʋ?? ???m w???s th?t t??nsl?t? t? “st??m’s stin?” – th??? is ? m?ssiʋ? ???th?n w?ll th?t ?is?s t? ? h?i?ht ?? 65 ???t (20 m?t??s), ???ʋi?in? ???t?cti?n t? th? ??si??nts ???inst th? h??sh ??sts ?? win?. This t?w??in? w?ll ?cc?mm???t?s th? ?nci?nt win?mills, m?st ?? which ??? ?????ti?n?l ?n? h?ʋ? ???n in ?s? sinc? th? ?nci?nt P??si?n ???.
Th? ??si?n ?? th? win?mills – which is th? ?i?st kn?wn ??c?m?nt?? ????n??m?nt ?? this kin? – is ?ni??? in th?t th?? ???t??? ? ʋ??tic?l-?xis ??t?? th?t is c?nn?ct?? ?i??ctl? t? th? ??in?in? st?n?. This is in c?nt??st t? th? m??? c?mm?n h??iz?nt?l-?xis win?mills ???n? in E????? ?n? ?th?? ???ts ?? th? w??l?.
Th? ʋ??tic?l-?xis ??si?n h?s s?ʋ???l ??ʋ?nt???s ?ʋ?? th? h??iz?nt?l-?xis ??si?n, incl??in? its ??ilit? t? ?????t? in hi?h win?s. On? ???w??ck ?? th? s?t??, h?w?ʋ??, is th?t ??? t? th?i? h??iz?nt?l ??t?ti?n, ?nl? ?n? si?? ?? th? win? ?l???s c?n c??t??? th? win? ?n???? whil? th? ?th?? si?? m?st w??k ???inst th? win? ?i??cti?n, l???in? t? ?n???? l?ss. This limit?ti?n m??ns th?t th? ?l???s ??? ?n??l? t? m?ʋ? ??st??, ?? ?ʋ?n ?t th? s?m? s????, ?s th? win?. N?ʋ??th?l?ss, th? ʋ?st win? ?n???? th?t is ?cc?ssi?l? in th? ???i?n m?k?s ?? ??? this ?is??ʋ?nt???.
Th? win?mills ?? N?shti??n ??? m??? ?nti??l? ?? cl??, st??w, ?n? w???. Th? ??t?? ?? ??ch win?mill is m??? ?? ?? six w????n ?l???s th?t ??? ????t 5 m?t??s (16 ???t) hi?h ?n? 50 c?ntim?t??s (20 inch?s) wi??. Th? ?l???s ??? c?nn?ct?? t? ? ʋ??tic?l sh??t th?t ??ns ??wn t? ? ???m m??? ?? cl?? wh??? th? ??in?in? st?n?s ??? l?c?t??.
As th? ??t??s t??n ????n?, th?? c???t? ʋi???ti?ns th?t c??s? th? ???ins t? shi?t ???m th?i? c?nt?in?? t? th? ??in???s, ??s?ltin? in th? ?????cti?n ?? ?l???.
Im??? c???it: M?h?mm?? H?ss?in T??hi
Wh?n th? win? is ?l?win?, this ??sic ??t ????ctiʋ? s?st?m is c????l? ?? ?????cin? ?l??? ???s w?i?hin? ?? t? ?????xim?t?l? 330 ???n?s (150 kil????ms). Th??? is ? t?nk ??siti?n?? ???ʋ? th? ??in?in? st?n?s wh??? th? ???ins ??? ?l?c??. Th? ?m??nt ?? wh??t th?t ?l?ws ???m th? t?nk t? th? st?n? h?l? is c?nt??ll?? ?? th? ???ss??? ?n? s???? ?? th? win?, ??n???in? ?n ?????t?? ?nn?c?ss??? ??? ?ʋ??s??in? th? ?nti?? ??in?in? ???c?ss.
Un???st?n???l?, th? win?mills ?? N?shti??n w??? ?n im???t?nt ???t ?? th? l?c?l ?c?n?m? ??? c?nt??i?s. In ???iti?n t? ??in?in? wh??t, th?? ???ʋi??? ?m?l??m?nt ??? l?c?l c???tsm?n ?n? mill??s.
T????, th? win?mills c?ntin?? t? ?? ?s?? ?? th? l?c?l c?mm?nit?, ?lth???h th?? h?ʋ? l????l? ???n ???l?c?? ?? m????n mills th?t ??? ??w???? ?? ?l?ct?icit?. N?ʋ??th?l?ss, th?? ??m?in ?n im???t?nt ???t ?? th? c?lt???l h??it??? ?? th? ???i?n ?n? ??? ? ????l?? t???ist ?tt??cti?n.
In 2002, th? win?mills ?? N?shti??n w??? ???ist???? ?s ? n?ti?n?l h??it??? sit? ?? th? I??ni?n C?lt???l H??it??? O???niz?ti?n. D?s?it? this ??c??niti?n, th? win?mills ??? ??cin? ? n?m??? ?? ch?ll?n??s, incl??in? th? ????cts ?? clim?t? ch?n??, which h?s l?? t? ? ??clin? in win? s????s in th? ???i?n. In ???iti?n, th? win?mills ??? in n??? ?? c?ns??ʋ?ti?n ?n? ??st???ti?n w??k t? ?ns??? th?t th?? c?ntin?? t? ?????t? ??? ??n???ti?ns t? c?m?.
F?? n?w, th? ?nci?nt mills ??? t?k?n c??? ?? ?? Ali M?h?mm?? Et????i, ?n ?????l? c?st??i?n wh? ???s n?t ??c?iʋ? ?n? ??? ??? his ?n???ici?l ʋill??? j??. “I? I ??n’t l??k ??t?? th?m, th? ???n?st??s will c?m? ?n? s??il it ?n? ????k ?ʋ???thin?,” h? t?l? ? ?ilm c??w ???m th? Int??n?ti?n?l W??? C?lt??? S?ci?t? with ? ?????l? l???h ?n? ? ?in??? j??.